After creating a Route 53 public hosted zone for an existing domain and replicating all its DNS records, what is the final step required to make Route 53 the authoritative DNS service for that domain?

Create an A record for the zone apex in the Route 53 hosted zone that points to the IP address of the domain registrar's main server., Update the name server (NS) records for example.com at the domain registrar to use the values from the Route 53 hosted zone., Create an SOA record in the new Route 53 hosted zone pointing to the domain registrar., Export the new NS record set from Route 53 and import it into the previous DNS provider's configuration.

To proactively identify potential storage performance issues across a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances, a SysOps administrator needs to configure Amazon CloudWatch monitoring. The goal is to detect EBS volumes that are becoming saturated and might be causing application latency. Which metrics are the MOST important to monitor for this purpose? (Select Two)

NetworkIn, VolumeQueueLength, VolumeTotalReadTime and VolumeTotalWriteTime, CPUUtilization, VolumeStatusChecks.Failed

A global healthcare technology company is deploying a new analytics workload that will process Protected Health Information (PHI) for its European customers. To meet both GDPR and HIPAA compliance requirements, the data must be processed and stored within the European Union. A SysOps administrator needs to select an appropriate AWS Region and verify which specific AWS services can be used. What is the MOST effective tool for the administrator to use to confirm which services in a specific EU Region are HIPAA-eligible?

Review the AWS Service Health Dashboard for the selected EU Region., Use AWS Trusted Advisor to scan the account for HIPAA-compliant services., Generate a report from AWS Security Hub to list eligible services., Check the AWS Services in Scope by Compliance Program page.

To ensure consistent log collection from a dynamically scaling fleet of Amazon EC2 instances, a SysOps administrator needs to automate the installation and configuration of the CloudWatch agent on all new instances launched by an Auto Scaling group. The agent configuration file is stored in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Which method is the MOST efficient for this task?

Use AWS Systems Manager State Manager to create an association that applies the 'AWS-ConfigureAWSPackage' document to all instances with a specific tag, ensuring the agent is installed and configured on launch., Develop an AWS Lambda function that is triggered by an Amazon EventBridge rule for EC2 instance state changes, which then uses AWS Systems Manager Run Command to install the agent., Create a custom Amazon Machine Image (AMI) with the CloudWatch agent pre-installed and configured, and update the Auto Scaling group's launch template to use this new AMI., Manually connect to each new instance using SSH after it launches and run the necessary commands to install and configure the CloudWatch agent.

An operations team is investigating intermittent latency issues in a fleet of AWS Lambda functions. The functions emit structured JSON logs, including a `duration_ms` field, to a single Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. To identify the source of the latency, the team needs to perform an ad-hoc analysis to find the top 10 longest-running function invocations and calculate the average duration over the past 6 hours. What is the MOST operationally efficient method to obtain this information with minimal setup?

Set up a log export task from CloudWatch Logs to an Amazon S3 bucket and query the data using Amazon Athena., Create a metric filter to extract the `duration_ms` value, publish it as a custom CloudWatch metric, and then analyze the metric data., Configure a CloudWatch Logs subscription filter to stream logs to Amazon OpenSearch Service and use its query capabilities., Use Amazon CloudWatch Logs Insights to run a query against the log group.

A company needs to secure client connections to a new web application running on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The solution must automatically manage the lifecycle of the SSL/TLS certificate, including periodic renewals, to minimize operational overhead. Which option should the company choose?

Configure the ALB with a TCP listener and terminate SSL/TLS on the backend EC2 instances., Generate a self-signed certificate, import it into IAM, and associate it with the ALB listener., Request a public certificate from AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) and associate it with the ALB listener., Purchase a certificate from a third-party Certificate Authority (CA) and import it into AWS Certificate Manager (ACM).

What prerequisites must be met to use a service-managed CloudFormation StackSet to deploy a standardized security group and Network ACL across an entire AWS Organization? (Select Two)

Enable trusted access for AWS CloudFormation StackSets within the AWS Organizations management account., Register each target account as a delegated administrator for AWS CloudFormation., Create an IAM policy in the management account that explicitly allows the cloudformation:CreateStackInstances action on all member accounts., Manually create the AWSCloudFormationStackSetExecutionRole in every target account before deploying the StackSet., Ensure the CloudFormation template is accessible, for example, by uploading it to an S3 bucket in the administrator account.

A financial analytics application runs on an Amazon EC2 instance that must be reachable via a static public IP address. To create a fault-tolerant architecture, a SysOps administrator has configured a second, identical EC2 instance in a different Availability Zone to act as a warm standby. In the event of a primary instance failure, traffic must be redirected to the standby instance with minimal downtime and without requiring clients to update the IP address they use. What is the most effective method to implement this failover capability?

Configure an Amazon Route 53 failover routing policy to resolve a domain name to the standby instance's IP if the primary fails a health check., Use AWS Backup to create a snapshot of the primary instance's EBS volume and restore it to the standby instance when a failure occurs., Assign an Elastic IP address to the primary instance and use a script to reassociate it with the standby instance upon failure detection., Place both instances in a target group behind an Application Load Balancer with a fixed IP address.

An EC2 instance in a private subnet of VPC-A is unable to communicate with a server in VPC-B, despite an 'active' VPC peering connection between them. Both instances are running and have passed their status checks. What is the most likely reason for this failure?

The VPCs have overlapping CIDR blocks., The route tables for the subnets where the instances reside have not been updated to point to the peering connection., Transitive peering has not been enabled for the VPC peering connection., An internet gateway has not been attached to both VPCs.

When evaluating a legacy monolithic application for cost optimization, a SysOps administrator discovers that it runs a critical business process 24/7 with a predictable load. The application is stateful and cannot tolerate any service interruptions or be restarted without significant manual intervention. What is the correct assessment of this workload's suitability for EC2 Spot Instances?

The workload is a good candidate as long as the maximum price is set significantly above the current Spot price., The application can be run on Spot Instances if the interruption behavior is set to `hibernate`., The application is a poor candidate for Spot Instances because it is not fault-tolerant., The workload can be made suitable by placing it in an Auto Scaling group that uses Spot Instances.

A custom backup script, packaged as an AWS Lambda function, needs to run automatically every Sunday at 2 AM to create a logical dump of an Amazon RDS database. Which two services should be combined to schedule and execute this task? (Select Two)

Amazon EventBridge, Amazon Data Lifecycle Manager, AWS Lambda, AWS Config, AWS Systems Manager State Manager

During a performance investigation of a web application running on Amazon EC2, a SysOps administrator needs to analyze detailed application error logs stored in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. The administrator must quickly find all log events containing the phrase "HTTP 503" that also have a `latency_ms` value greater than 2000 within the last 6 hours. What is the MOST efficient method to perform this analysis?

Manually search the log streams in the AWS Management Console, filtering by the time range and searching for the error string., Export the log group to an Amazon S3 bucket and use Amazon Athena to query the log files for the required data., Create a metric filter for "HTTP 503" and another for `latency_ms > 2000`, then view the resulting metrics in a CloudWatch dashboard., Use Amazon CloudWatch Logs Insights with a query that filters for log events matching the specified conditions.

A company has a hybrid environment with an on-premises data center connected to a VPC via AWS Direct Connect. On-premises servers need to resolve DNS queries for AWS service endpoints and for internal VPC resources defined in a Route 53 private hosted zone. The on-premises DNS servers are configured to forward unresolved queries to a specific set of IP addresses. Which solution meets these requirements?

Create a public hosted zone in Route 53 for the internal domain and configure the on-premises DNS servers to use public DNS resolvers., Create a Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint in the VPC. Configure the on-premises DNS servers to forward queries to the IP addresses of the inbound endpoint., Create an Amazon EC2 instance running a DNS forwarder. Configure on-premises servers to forward queries to the EC2 instance's private IP address., Create a Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint in the VPC and a rule to forward queries from the VPC to the on-premises DNS servers.

An application is deployed behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) with targets in an Auto Scaling group. A SysOps administrator needs to configure the ALB health check to ensure that only instances with a fully functional application receive traffic. The application exposes a specific health check endpoint at `/health` which returns a 200 OK status code when healthy. How should the administrator configure the ALB health check to meet this requirement most effectively?

Configure an HTTPS health check to the root path (`/`) and specify `200-399` as the success code range., Configure a TCP health check on the application port., Configure the Auto Scaling group health check to use the ELB type and set a health check grace period., Configure an HTTP health check to the `/health` path and specify `200` as the success code.

To enforce a consistent baseline infrastructure across all member accounts in an AWS Organization, a SysOps administrator needs to deploy a standard set of resources, including a VPC, subnets, and security groups. The solution must be centrally managed from the organization's management account and must automate deployment to new accounts as they are added to a specific organizational unit (OU). Which AWS service or feature should be used to meet these requirements?

IAM roles (`AWSCloudFormationStackSetAdministrationRole` and `AWSCloudFormationStackSetExecutionRole`) in each target account., An Amazon EventBridge rule that triggers an AWS Lambda function to deploy individual stacks., AWS Service Catalog to publish the CloudFormation template as a product., AWS CloudFormation StackSets with service-managed permissions., AWS CloudFormation StackSets with self-service permissions.

To ensure security compliance, a SysOps administrator must guarantee that all new Amazon EC2 instances launched by an Auto Scaling group are fully patched before they are put into service and begin receiving traffic from an Application Load Balancer. The patching process can take several minutes. What is the MOST operationally efficient method to achieve this?

Create an Auto Scaling lifecycle hook for the `EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING` state that invokes a Systems Manager Automation document to run `AWS-RunPatchBaseline`., Create a new, patched Amazon Machine Image (AMI) on a daily basis and update the Auto Scaling group's launch template to use the new AMI ID., Configure a user data script on the launch template to install the SSM Agent and run a script to update all packages., Configure a Systems Manager maintenance window that runs every 5 minutes to scan and patch newly launched instances.

To conduct a quarterly cost review, an administrator must analyze historical spending by service and also receive specific recommendations for idle resources, such as unassociated Elastic IPs and underutilized EBS volumes. Which two AWS services fulfill these distinct requirements? (Select Two)

AWS Cost Explorer, Amazon CloudWatch, AWS Compute Optimizer, AWS Budgets, AWS Trusted Advisor

An organization's compliance policy mandates that all EC2 instance base images are rebuilt and tested on a monthly basis with the latest security patches and custom hardening scripts. The process must be fully automated, support both Windows and Linux AMIs from a single pipeline, and distribute the approved images to several child AWS accounts. To meet these requirements with the least operational overhead, which approach should be implemented?

Use AWS Systems Manager Automation documents to patch an instance and create an image, then use AWS Organizations to share the AMI., Configure an EC2 Image Builder pipeline with a distribution configuration and set its schedule to run monthly., Schedule an AWS Lambda function to launch an EC2 instance, apply updates via User Data, create an AMI, and share it using the ModifyImageAttribute API call., Create an AWS CodePipeline that uses a Packer build step to generate the AMI and a Lambda function to handle cross-account distribution.

To satisfy a regulatory requirement that all new Amazon S3 buckets have server-side encryption enabled, an organization needs a fully automated remediation process. When AWS Config detects a non-compliant S3 bucket using the `s3-bucket-server-side-encryption-enabled` managed rule, the process must immediately enable AES-256 encryption. What is the most direct and managed approach to implement this remediation?

Configure the AWS Config rule to publish findings to an Amazon EventBridge bus. Create an EventBridge rule with a pattern that matches the non-compliant finding and a target that invokes an AWS Lambda function to enable S3 bucket encryption., Configure an automatic remediation action for the AWS Config rule that targets the `AWS-ConfigureS3BucketEncryption` Systems Manager Automation runbook., Configure the AWS Config rule to send notifications to an Amazon SNS topic. Create an AWS Lambda function subscribed to the topic that calls the Systems Manager `StartAutomationExecution` API to run the appropriate runbook., Configure an Amazon GuardDuty finding to trigger an Amazon EventBridge rule. Create an EventBridge rule that targets the `AWS-ConfigureS3BucketEncryption` Systems Manager Automation runbook as its target.

An e-commerce platform's performance is degrading, triggering a CloudWatch alarm for high `TargetConnectionErrorCount` on its Application Load Balancer (ALB). The ALB's target group consists of EC2 instances within an Auto Scaling group. A SysOps administrator investigates and finds that the security group attached to the EC2 instances does not allow traffic from the ALB's security group on the required port. What is the MOST appropriate automated remediation for future occurrences?

Create an AWS Config rule to detect incorrect security group configurations. Use an Amazon EventBridge rule to trigger a Systems Manager Automation runbook that corrects the security group ingress rule., Configure the CloudWatch alarm to trigger a Lambda function that removes the incorrect security group and attaches a correct one., Modify the network ACL for the subnet to allow all traffic between the ALB and the EC2 instances., Set up a target tracking scaling policy on the Auto Scaling group based on the `TargetConnectionErrorCount` metric to add more instances.

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AWS Certified SysOps Administrator Associate Practice Exams (2026) for
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